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Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML, APL) is the M3 subtype of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), a cancer of the white blood cells.〔 In APL, there is an abnormal accumulation of immature granulocytes called promyelocytes. The disease is characterized by a chromosomal translocation involving the retinoic acid receptor alpha (''RARα'' or ''RARA'') gene and is distinguished from other forms of AML by its responsiveness to all-''trans'' retinoic acid (ATRA; also known as tretinoin) therapy. Acute promyelocytic leukemia was first characterized in 1957 by French and Norwegian physicians as a hyperacute fatal illness.〔 Currently it is one of the most treatable forms of leukemia with a 12-year progression-free survival rate that is estimated to be approximately 70%.〔〔 ==Signs and symptoms== The symptoms tend to be similar to AML in general with the following being possible symptoms: * Anemia * Fatigue * Weakness * Difficulty breathing (dyspnea) * Low platelets (thrombocytopenia) leading to easy bleeding * Fever * Low white blood cells (leucopenia) leading to infection * Decreased platelets, white, and red blood cells (pancytopenia) * Elevated white blood cells (leukocytosis) occurs in 10-30% * Coagulopathy (including DIC) Easy bleeding from low platelets may include: * Bruising (ecchymosis) * Gingival bleeding * Nose bleeds (epistaxis) * Increased menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Acute promyelocytic leukemia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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